Ivy

1.
Marigold, chrysanthemum sprawl
across the garden, smelling like some acrid
medicine when you tear the stems, but the stink
of ivy’s worse, like air inside a rotting
log. A plant so tough should cure your worst
disease. You’ve burned your hand? Try ivy
as a poultice, leaves across your blisters
tied with the stringy roots until, despairing,
the burns agree to heal.

2.
Years ago, two kids with spray paint spread
their names around West Philly – CORNBREAD
and EARL in tall black letters on blank walls.
and abandoned cars. They’re still there, peeling
under thick swathes of ivy, the best graffiti
artist, scribbling its thin green name across
the corrugated steel, the raddled stucco
writing it again, larger, dark to lime-green
at the growing end, practicing, making it
big and evergreen and tough.

Deborah Burnham teaches English and writing at Penn, gardens in Powelton Village, walks along the Schuylkill, and hopes to complete her Viet-Nam-era novel before the leaves come out.

On My Lover’s Eyes

My lover has two glass eyes.
She plucks them out
and we shoot them like marbles
in my driveway. At parties, she floats
them in the punch bowl,
and waits for the screams
after they are scooped into a cup.

Sometimes she freezes one in an ice cube
and drops it in someone’s cocktail.
Same principle. I suggest that she drop them
behind our car during a chase, to blow out
our pursuers’ tires. They’re not caltrops, she says gently.
Sometimes she rolls them between her palms,
like little balls of clay. She is sensitive about her eyes.

She wears a blindfold always–a red silk sash
around her head. She worries I will leave her,
calls herself an eyeless wench. Never, I say.
Eyes are a distraction, a garnish.
Your mouth, I say, is what will keep me always. Ryan Teitman is a graduate of Penn State University with an honors degree in English. He currently works as a journalist in Philadelphia.

Incompatible With Life

[img_assist|nid=655|title=Spinning Lights  by Shea Mockler © 2007|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=150|height=111]The spring I turn fourteen I notice Steve. He is tall with slanted eyes and long black hair. I love him instantly.



Summer dawns, humid and sweet. Steve invites me to get a little drunk under the trees. The two of us drink wine from red plastic tumblers. When we kiss he tastes like cinnamon gum.why does he taste like gum when he’s been drinking wine? I spend years chasing that moment.



I want to drink like Grandpa Stosh who gulps beer on the couch while watching baseball. He shows my sister and me pictures of the bomber planes with sexy women painted on them. He flew these planes in World War II. These are the only times he talks to us.



My father is an alcoholic. He stopped drinking when I was five years old, yet maintained a phantom connection to explosive rage that cut the family’s collective soul like shards of glass. In my kindergarten school picture I smile and expose the gap where my front teeth are missing. The memories of sleeping in strange houses with my mother and sister have submerged and filled in with cement. I crack them open later for comparison purposes only. I will never be the kind of drunk who throws a baby in her carriage down the stairs.



I drink in my classmates’ basements. The slush of amber into a shot glass or the pop of a cork promises grace instead of awkwardness, easy wit instead of shyness, and inclusion instead of standing on the fringes. Often I pass out or vomit on the cheap shag carpet.



Other evenings I stumble home. I lie to my parents as I grab the kitchen table for balance. The next weekend usually finds me looking out my bedroom window crying.



In my senior year, I ride the trolley across town every day after school. My friend Kathy’s boyfriend Paul lives in a house without electricity. We dump a bucket of water into the bowl to flush the toilet. I have sex with men as old as twenty-five. A scream fills every empty space inside of me.



As I grow older, the scream sleeping at the bottom of my soul threatens to roll forward. I tap into a flood of different poisons. My protectors flee when I crush them under the weight of chaos. I become a target for predators seeking to feast on the wounded.



I convince myself I have choices. In truth, the drugs manufacture the only choices. The addiction thrives. I bleed from the grip.



I think I am going to die one night. I do not want to wake up. Nurses stick spikes in my wrists. I feel crucified. One of them asks me why I do this to myself. I cannot answer. My way of living entombs the truth in layers of denial.



I learn that my craving indicates a sickness. In order to reverse the direction, I need a power bigger than my problem. I make new connections with people no longer using. I meet a girl named Ellen whose eyes are the color of faded denim. She speaks to me kindly, even when I call her late at night unable to sleep.



We go to play bingo one Friday evening in a smoke-filled hall lit by fluorescent light. I win twenty dollars and treat us both to pizza. Ellen drops me off around eleven. When she hugs me goodbye, the strawberry and tobacco scent of her hair acts as a soul balm. At less than ninety days’ sobriety, my nerve endings are raw and exposed. They irritate easily like deep-sea creatures forced to tolerate sunlight.



The next morning I recall every detail of our time together. I think about the fat man wearing suspenders in the cubicle next to me at the bingo hall— his curses barely audible because he has a cigar stuck to his mouth by dry saliva. I can hear the “thwump” of the pinball machine’s spring shooter smashing into plastic at the pizza shop while the teenage players swear, trying to impress one another. I no longer need to call people and judge by the tone of their voices whether I insulted them or screwed their boyfriends the night before. This realization brings a glow of peace I want to hold forever.



I give birth to a son. I enjoy nuzzling his soft head. When rain soaks the grass, I draw him a crayon garden. I look at him sleeping on the floor with the wet, chewed up corner of his baby blanket against his cheek. He is my youth’s sweetest harvest.



I have been turning the wineglasses at banquets upside down for –more than a decade when the disease reappears in my family like a jilted lover bent on revenge. I visit my mother in the emergency room. She is bloated and red. Soft cuffs hold her hands to protect the tube poking out of her throat. The nurse flips the head of the bed upside down to maintain blood flow to her brain.



[img_assist|nid=656|title=Chinese Flowers by Erik Streitweiser © 2007|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=150|height=210]The doctor arrives. He is at least ten years younger than I am and informs me that my mother’s blood alcohol level measures .5. The condition is incompatible with life. I pray for a chance to talk with her again. When she opens her eyes, I make sure she sees me. I remember almost dying with no one looking at me except strangers.



My mother survives. She continues to heal in another hospital. The wet earth breaks open as dark beauty returns to her face. In photographs taken the year I was born, my mother looks like the young Marlo Thomas.



My mother and father stayed married for twenty-five tumultuous years. The sting of their divorce transformed her occasional highball into a daily coping strategy. After she comes home from treatment, she keeps her promises to babysit and answers her telephone.



One afternoon my teenage niece calls as I fold warm clothes in the bedroom. Her voice is small and hurt. I know she hangs with a tough crowd. The boys can hardly keep their eyes off her. She is a jewel among the slime.



Do something to create another reality, I tell her.



Live.



Victoria Christian is a lifelong resident of Northeast Philadelphia. In addition to writing, she works full time as a registered nurse. Christian would like to thank Alison Hicks, as well as her fellow writers in The Greater Philadelphia Workshop Studio, for their wise guidance and loving support.

Nails

[img_assist|nid=660|title=Reunion by Elynne Rosenfeld © 2007|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=150|height=118]Your mom told me write this down, just in case. She worries. Never tells me straight out I should quit, but she thinks it all the time. I know. I see it in those looks. Those big bright eyes make you feel like you better come up with something quick and you find yourself thinking, what?

That woman can talk like anyone—you’ll be smart like her. It’s when she’s quiet you know she’s telling you something. When am I getting myself a regular job, she wants to know? She mentions your uncle can get me in maintenance down at Saint Joe’s Hospital. Now who wants to clean up after a bunch of sick people? Uncle Squeaky likes it well enough. He’s been on that mop for 20-some years. But not me, right? I’ve seen enough blood. A few times it was my own.

Been doing this since I turned 18. Tell the truth, it was really 16. Lied about my age so I could turn pro early. Figured I could get out in 10 years with my wits about me. Still hanging on to those wits, and I’m not used up just yet.

Your mom says 39’s too old. I say, yeah, but it’s too young to lie down. I don’t know anything else worth knowing. You want to get somewhere in this hustle, you got to get past me. I’m what’s known as an opponent. They put me in with bucks on the way up, some half as old as me. Most times, though, they’re not half as smart. Nobody fights me without learning something.

Everybody calls me Nails. Nails from North Philly.

My trainer, Darcy Walker, gave me that name years ago. Met him the first time I walked into Joe Frazier’s gym on North Broad. Darcy used to be a fighter himself. Won the Pennsylvania welterweight title back in the ’70s. Then Darcy’s vision got fuzzy and they made him stop. Told him he was done and that was that. If it wasn’t for the record books, most regular folks wouldn’t even know he existed. Guess they wouldn’t know much about me, either.

I had arms like pipe cleaners, but Darcy said he could make me a decent middleweight if I was to stick with it. Year or so later, I was in the gym sparring one day when he yelled, “Look at Nails! You hit so hard, boy, you could seal a man’s coffin shut for good!”

Most people been calling me Nails so long, they forgot my real name. Sometimes I even have to think about who I used to be.
I been in 46—no, 47 pro fights. Been all around the country—even far out as Arizona, California, Texas. This one time, I was in fighting a Mexican in this big hot auditorium and the people were screaming, “Kill that spic!” I didn’t pay them any mind. No one in that place would say that to his face, just like they wouldn’t call me nigger to mine.

Anyway, I hit that Mexican with everything I had and he just kept coming. I believe I broke a knuckle on his head. Those gloves and wraps don’t make a bit of difference, not when you’re trying to break stone. In the sixth, he caught me with a left uppercut and all I saw was a blank screen with white dots floating across it. Stayed on my feet four more rounds, but I don’t know how. Thought I pulled it out, but the judges saw otherwise. Lost a close decision. Wonder whatever happened to that Mexican? He was rough. Wish I could remember how much I made for that fight?

Most times, I fight here in Philly, over at the Blue Horizon. That’s my home crowd. They cheer me, win or lose. They chant, “Nails, Nails, Nails” and slap me on the back when I’m moving past. They know I leave everything I have in there, even though I don’t have much left.

When it comes to Philly fighters, everybody knows we’re the toughest. Forget Frazier. We had Bennie Briscoe, Cyclone Hart and Matthew Franklin (calls himself Saad Muhammad now). Maybe some day folks will put me up there with them.

Been on a down streak lately. Knocked out in my last two bouts. Darcy says one more KO and the athletic commission’ll suspend my license. Now how do they take a man’s living away just like that? Those KOs were just because I was lazy. Didn’t work hard enough in the gym. Caught me on a bad night, twice in a row. That’s all.

Overall, I won 30 fights and lost 17. Looks bad on paper, but I still have more Ws than Ls. A lot of those losses were wins judges took from me. Some don’t like me because I’m flashy. Stick and move, stick and move. Others, well, I couldn’t tell you what fight they were watching.
The reason I never won a championship is because there was almost two years right in my prime when I was out of the ring. This was before you were born. Got myself locked up for being stupid. Started thinking I should be making the big money right away, didn’t want to be patient, wait on my chance. I was running with these guys who decided to take down an invite-only craps game on top of a Chinese place on Girard.
I wasn’t packing that night. I just waited outside, by the fire escape. You could still see Christmas lights blinking in the windows in February. So cold my toes went numb. I wondered how I’d run if I had to.
Something went down in there, still don’t know what. I heard pop-pop-pop-pop then Ray-Ray comes busting out the front door, looking like he didn’t know if he should go left or right. He flew down the alley and I got to it just in time to see him toss his piece in a Dumpster. I knew that’s the first place the police would look, so I took off after Ray-Ray. Then I felt those headlights on me and heard a cop tell me to freeze, put my hands up or he would shoot. I was just hoping he wasn’t the kind who’d shoot either way.

Don’t know where everyone else got to that night, but none of them came to see me up in Graterford. Eighteen months just for standing outside, and trying to help a fool.

I look out the window tonight and still see them. Maybe not the same guys exactly, but the same kind. They look hard under the streetlights, but really they’re nothing but empty inside.

This morning, when it was barely light, I was out doing my roadwork on Rising Sun. I passed one of them guys, maybe just a few years younger than me. We looked eye to eye and it came to me that it would have been easy enough for me and him to switch-up. Not that much difference between us two, but we each made some choices that put us where we are.
You won’t end up like them. You’re smart, like your mom. She’s getting her college degree someday. Wants to be a nurse. Maybe she’ll get me into the hospital after all.

You don’t know it yet, but you’ll have a baby brother or sister by the end of the year. That’s why I need to keep doing this a while longer.
Got another fight coming up in two weeks at the Blue. They’re putting me in against some kid from Baltimore with a Muslim name. Darcy said he has 14 knockouts in 15 fights. They say the kid hits so hard your teeth’ll hurt even if you have dentures.

But I’ve been training extra hard, that’s why I haven’t been around much lately. I’m figuring if I can pull this off, I’ll get myself noticed for a money bout. I’m feeling like this is the one that’ll change everything. We can walk on out of here. Move someplace nicer. Someplace where I won’t have to worry about you and your little brother or sister getting hung up in something crazy.

After this fight, you might even read about me in the Inquirer or Daily News. Nails Hammers It Home. That’s what the headline will say. Tim Zatzariny Jr. is a senior staff reporter for the Courier-Post in Cherry Hill, N.J. In May, he’ll graduate with a master’s degree in Writing from Rowan University. He is at work on his first novel, set in his hometown of Vineland, N.J.

Return to Ithaca

[img_assist|nid=657|title=Still Life with Bird|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=150|height=199]February. Plowed hills of gray snow bordered Philadelphia, block after block. Clattering trains and muddy sidewalks echoed unkept promises and, each day on the busy streets near his office, Walt heard the unnerving chatter of businessmen and false camaraderie. After work, Walt bent in against cold air, crossing icy walkways under the hulking metal of the Ben Franklin Bridge. He wanted nothing more than warmth. Uncomplicated company. At the Waterfront Bar, American flags snapped and collapsed in the shifting winds, and Walt spent the better part of each night there trying not to be so angry.

April marked the rainiest spring on record. Chernobyl erupted; U.S. planes attacked Libya. Late one night, as the waters rose from river to sea, Walt’s tall teenage son took a chair and threw it into a wall covered with family pictures. He’d been aiming at Walt. As glass frames shattered, as drunk as he was, Walt was still able to wrestle Mack to the ground. Outside, the rain fell. Outside, handcuffed, Walt felt the spray of passing cars and the kick of conscience. The next day the sun returned. Walt’s wife, Diane, centered her shoulders and filed a restraining order and at 42 years old—his car trunk filled with suits still in dry cleaner’s plastic, back seat littered with coffee mugs and black three-ring binders—Walt moved in with his parents.

Summer passed. He called Diane every day; he promised her things would change. From his office window, Walt looked past the cobblestone parking lot at the blue-brown shipping lanes on the Delaware River. The Khian Sea loaded and sailed, bound for the Caribbean, carrying 14,000 tons of incinerator ash. Walt was preparing a proposal for an international cruise line and, in the process, became sidetracked by historical accounts of untimely ends: the Oceanic, wrecked off the Shetland Islands, was scrapped in 1925; the Savannah ran aground off Long Island in 1821; the Arctic collided with the French steamer Vesta and 322 passengers and crewmen died: no rescue drills, not enough lifeboats. Walt drank lukewarm coffee and shook his head to clear thoughts of disaster. His ad campaign would promise a vast blue-green ocean with sparkling waters and dancing whitecaps, brass fittings and well-heeled luxuries, carpeted grand staircases and marbled ballrooms with glittering crystal and unshifting silverware. A scene fit for Odysseus’ return to Ithaca.

Lucy, barefoot, poured red wine at her desk at 4:30 every day. “No one cares about that,” Lucy said, dropping three creamers next to his coffee and glancing at his proposal. “They want sex and a buffet.”

 

In October, Diane called. It was three in the morning. The police had just brought their son, Mack, home. Six feet tall now, driver’s permit in his pocket, young Mack took a bottle of scotch, Diane’s car keys, and a portrait of himself off the living room wall and drove 50 miles up the New Jersey Turnpike.

“He took the painting?” Walt repeated.

The painting was Impressionistic and garish, with harsh yellow and ochre colors on Mack’s forehead and cheeks, blues and browns splattered in his hair. Mack’s eyes looked particularly forlorn, flecked with red. Diane failed to see the horror of the image. Walt thought that whoever painted the picture should have his fingers broken. But he also knew how much Diane paid for the painting and understood that it couldn’t sit in a closet.

“His drinking wasn’t the problem,” Diane concluded. “He drove through a toll booth without paying.”

Walt had his shoes on now and car keys in his hand. “I’m coming over.”

“I just wanted to call you. I just wanted you to know.”

Walt sat back down, understanding.

She continued carefully. “I don’t want you to make things worse. He’s asleep now. Just come over tomorrow.”

Home. In the morning, Walt woke without realizing he’d slept. He dressed quickly; he had to stop at work first. Before Diane called about Mack, she’d been with Walt, out to see a play. A date—the fifth one since they’d separated. When he dropped her off, they kissed under a flickering streetlamp, Walt touching her carefully, gratefully, until a cold wind circled them. Diane shivered, smiled, then said good night, her heels clicking up the cement steps to the house. He wanted to follow the light on her hair. The streetlight flickered and leaves swirled around his feet. The house looked well-kept; Walt had painted the tan stucco himself. It had taken him three months, climbing the creaking rungs of the aluminum ladder every day after work. He’d fixed the front door light and laid thick wooden railroad ties to border the unruly pachysandra. Then, in the middle of a rain that lasted for days, he woke one morning on the couch, next to tipped chairs and broken glass. He went upstairs and saw Diane pretending to sleep. What happened? he wondered. What did I do now?

Now, Walt walked down the dark staircase of his parents’ house into the kitchen. There was Pop, dressed and ready for work in a navy blue suit and a boldly-striped tie.

“Time for me to go,” Pop said, sipping the last of his tea. “I’ll see you later.”

[img_assist|nid=658|title=Woman by Katherine Hoffman © 2007|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=150|height=199]Walt stared. Pop had worked as a salesman for Add-Tech, where he won trophies for selling adding machines. He retired six years ago. Pop’s navy suit pants were creased sharply, his tie knotted at the neck. But his shirt, tucked deep into his trousers, was unbuttoned, and his ghostly white stomach showed through his open suit jacket.

“It’s Saturday,” Walt said. “No work today.”

The toilet flushed in the next room.

“Where are you going?” Pop growled.

“Work,” Walt said. “Then home.”

Walt’s mother entered the kitchen in a gray robe and slippers. Faded cookbooks lined the shelves near the sink; the kitchen faucet was dripping. Walt’s mother tightened the belt of her robe and reached overhead for a cup and saucer. “Did you get the paper?” she asked.

“I’m on my way into work.”

“Lucy called last night,” she said, taking a carton of eggs out of the refrigerator. Lucy was Diane’s sister. Walt had hired her a couple of years ago. He’d felt sorry for Lucy. Diane promised Walt he would regret it.

“What did she say?”

“I hung up.” Walt’s mother believed that Lucy was the reason for Walt’s separation. She cracked several eggs and began beating them in a bowl. She put the carton of eggs back into the refrigerator and put the frying pan on the stove. Diane would be cooking eggs in her microwave. Her eggs would rise fluffy and golden in a glass bowl, then she would cook bacon in the microwave until the strips were brittle, salty and crisp, just the way he liked.

“I don’t like her calling here,” his mother said. The frying pan sizzled and heat rose in the kitchen.

Walt and Diane had never seen eye-to-eye on Lucy. It’s okay for her to work but not me? Diane said. Walt tried to explain that Diane was nothing like Lucy. Lucy stored her brains in her quick, skinny fingers. She laughed too loud and told dirty jokes and drank like a man. He and Lucy worked late together, sipping scotch from the brown thermos next to her desk. Night after night he arrived home to Diane’s accusations, and he had to explain all over again why he would never fire Lucy: she did her job well. She had a knack for knowing what people wanted, even when they couldn’t pinpoint it themselves. Diane didn’t see Lucy like he did: her skinny body moving like a crab, her heart trailing behind her in the loose belt of her raincoat.

“I have to go,” Walt told his mother.

Diane was home, standing next to the sink. In their kitchen, water from the faucet caught sunlight from the window and a spray of reflected light danced across the walls. The back steps creaked under Walt’s feet. The yard was quiet except for the whisper of wind through dry leaves. Diane was waiting for him.

The car wouldn’t start but Walt refused to get angry. He’d promised he would keep his cool. His breath was visible inside the cold car. Change in season, he thought, turning the ignition again, no reason to get bent out of shape. Sure enough the car started on the next try and Walt thought, all those meetings just might be doing me some good.

The road to 7-Eleven was lined with garbage cans standing like sentries. In the wake of Walt’s car, yellow and orange leaves whirled into the air, scattering like spooked birds. The 7-Eleven near his parents’ house had a solid glass front surrounded by red brick, a parking lot with room to navigate, and a fresh swept apron of sidewalk. Each morning he started here. The place gave him assurance. People knew his name and his brand of cigarettes. The linoleum floors gleamed and the coffeemaker gurgled companionably. From the golden boxes of Land-O-Lakes and promises of Mountain Air-scented Tide, from the Slurpees to scratch-off lottery cards, from sea to goddamned shining sea, Walt thought happily, 7-Eleven had it all, land of the free and home of the brave. A man who stopped at this fortunate port could set for worlds unknown all across the Delaware Valley.

Walt entered and nodded at an unfamiliar teenager sitting behind the cash register, bent over the Philadelphia Inquirer.

“What’s a seven-letter word for trip?” the kid called out to the empty store. The kid wore a patch over one eye that clearly wasn’t a joke.

Donna stood up from between the aisles where she was restocking shelves. “Voyage?” she guessed.

Walt waved to her as the kid mouthed the letters over the puzzle.

“That’s only six letters,” the kid finally said.

Donna walked over to Walt. “Owner’s idiot son,” she whispered, wiping the counter around the coffee pots. Then she bent to open the cabinet beneath the counter and pulled out something wrapped in clear plastic. “Merry Christmas.”

“It’s October.” Walt took the strange package from her and tore it open. Inside was a coffee cup holder in the shape of a green plastic hand, there was a handle where the wrist should have been. Donna looked pleased with herself.

“Tell me, oh Muse,” Walt said, delighted, placing his coffee cup inside the green hand, “where is the cream?”

Donna refilled the empty half and half container. Too many summers of sun had weathered her face and frazzled her red hair, but her freckles gave the bold suggestion of a forgotten girlhood. Walt once told her she looked like a teenager. She believed him. Twenty years in advertising had taught him how to be convincing.

“Odyssey,” Walt said, bringing his coffee up to the teenager at the cash register.

The kid bent to the newspaper, mouthing letters again.

[img_assist|nid=659|title=Claire by Todd Marrone © 2007|desc= |link=node|align=right|width=150|height=177]“I’ll be damned,” he said.

At the front counter, soft pretzels spiraled in a glass jewel case. Walt suddenly realized he’d forgotten his wallet. There wasn’t time to go back. Diane was waiting for him and he still had to stop at the office. Walt explained his problem to the kid and picked up the green hand of coffee. “Let me swing back later today with the money.”

“Sorry,” said the boy, one eye staring at Walt. “I can’t do that.”

“I’m good for it,” Walt said, putting down the coffee and trying to keep his tone even.

“No can do,” the kid repeated, bending back to the puzzle.

For six months now, Walt thought, he’d bought his coffee and cigarettes and newspaper here. He’d bought laundry detergent and ice cream, Kleenex for his mother and Swanson frozen dinners for Pop. He’d been loyal. He’d made people laugh. He was holding a green hand coffee cup holder, for God’s sake.

“My father would kill me,” the boy said, taking the coffee and placing it behind the counter. “I’ll hold it here and you come back.”

Walt couldn’t believe it. “Do you know who I am?”

They locked gazes.

Donna hurried over to the cash register and put a five-dollar bill on the counter. Walt ignored her, staring at the kid with undisguised fury. The boy took Donna’s bill and rang up the coffee. Walt saw how clearly he’d become comfortable in the wrong place. But he wasn’t going to get angry. He turned and walked away from it, the kid and the coffee and Donna and her green hand. He put the key in the ignition and the car started right away. Diane had called him for help, and he’d promised. He wouldn’t get angry.

Twenty years he’d worked in advertising, six years heading up his own firm. Three months ago Walt lost a major account, a medical testing company that overcharged Medicare 250 million dollars. Walt needed some new business, new respectability. His smaller clients ran clinical trials and hoped to help and heal the world—but they weren’t floating his business.

This week he had two meetings: one with Mendon Inc., one with Celebrity Cruise Lines. He had high hopes. The first presentation was with Mendon, a multi-billion dollar conglomerate that owned over 200 hospitals. If Walt had his way, he would arrange Mendon’s advertising coast-to-coast. Diane would see it then: he’d be back on track.

Walt felt rising irritation at the slow forward movement of cars in front of him. Finally, he saw the parking lot by the waterfront office building, where the wind was whipping off the river, flags snapping sharply in the wind. Lucy might already be there, he realized. Last week she’d been working overtime to help Walt with the Mendon presentation while he’d worked on Celebrity Cruises. They worked late two weeks straight, rehearsing details. Both companies wanted hard data on customers; both wanted creative, capable strategies. It was rumored that Mendon ran background checks on all consultants. Walt hoped this wasn’t true.

Lucy recommended they pitch both clients with the same premise.

“Sex and a buffet?” Walt asked.

“Remind them of death,” Lucy said. “Everyone dies.”

Walt laughed. “Where do we begin?”

“Images of last chances. Missed opportunities. Take that red shoe in the rib cage out dancing.”

“We focus on wellness, comfort, security,” Walt said, shuffling through mockups as Lucy shook her head. “People want to be taken care of. They want to know they’re in good hands.”

Walt looked at Lucy, her skinny body slouched in an oversized chair, her skin a sunless ivory. Walt showed Lucy the storyboards for various organizations in Mendon’s group and the ad copy for the research clinics, major urban hospitals and outpatient addiction and counseling programs. In Hawaii, the Ko’olau mountains split the sky while a rosy-cheeked husband and wife hiked above the clouds, mythical and serene. In Chicago the pulse of jazz would underline mother and son in a sunlit waiting room: Father would be okay, his surgery was a success. In Philadelphia, confident physicians would sprint to the bright lights of an ambulance and tend efficiently to emergency care. Walt and Lucy had seen these all before but looked over each sketch and storyboard with a critical eye.

The Celebrity Cruise images were strikingly similar in form and format. It was as if the designer had replaced the hospital with the cruise ship. The rolling gurney and confident physician was replaced by a tuxedoed waiter wheeling a silver cart of shrimp cocktail. There was motion and deliverance. Rescue and relief.

Walt and Lucy rehearsed late into the night.

“We’re thinking of the future,” Lucy said. “Where do we stand?”

“Your business comes first,” Walt said. “I handle your account personally.”

Lucy drank alone. It was late, and the office was stacked with disheveled piles of research and mockups. Walt drank coffee, black, but felt the tug for something else. He found himself imagining Lucy’s body, bony knees, skin pulled taut between her hipbones. Suddenly Lucy leaned close, her loose shirt unbuttoned in a deep V. And then her lips were on his, chapped and dry, the sting of scotch in her mouth terrifying. His tongue dove for the taste of liquor, but her teeth on his tongue repulsed him, and he pulled away.

Lucy sat back, watching Walt carefully. “Your marriage is over. You know that.”

Walt felt a wave of fury rise inside of him. He was sick of defending Lucy to Diane, sick of defending Diane to Lucy. Sick of his parents and their goddamned ghostly lives. “Diane’s not the problem.”

Lucy shook her head. She swiveled her chair and looked out the window to the dark river behind him, her fingers tapping steadily against her cup, a small, insistent beat.

“Tell you what the problem is,” she said. “You’re a middle-aged man living with your parents.”

“Fuck off.”

“That’s all you have to say?” Lucy reached for the thermos next to her desk.

“Okay,” Walt said. He would rise to the performance. “My father recently suffered a stroke. My mother is unable to care for him.” His mother, more accurately, drove his father to unpredictable rages as she mopped up the floor around the dishwasher, calling him names until Pop threw his teacup across the room and Walt heard the shattering of the saucer on the floor.

Lucy applauded.

“You know,” she said, “if you sign either of these clients, they’ll want to go to dinner with you and your wife.”

Fear pitched through Walt with a sharpness that took his breath away. For a moment, just one goddamned moment, he wished to forget the fractures in his life.

“I’m taking care of my parents,” he said fiercely. “That’s the story. My father suffered a stroke.”

Walt called it a night.

 

Walt’s office was on the waterfront, an old Quaker Meeting house with cobblestone walkways surrounding it. He stalked quietly past Lucy’s office, hoping the wooden floors wouldn’t give him away. Diane was waiting for him. There’d been no mistaking Lucy’s car in the empty parking lot: headlight smashed, bumper dented. He didn’t have time to talk to Lucy now. He had to get home, and she wouldn’t understand. He’d never cared about getting home before. Late at night, Walt and Lucy used to flip through her road atlas, drinking scotch and waters out of coffee cups. They dreamed trips they would never take. They would go see the Jungle Room at Graceland, the sequoias of Yosemite, the Stratosphere in Las Vegas. They’d travel scenic interstates and buy kitschy snow globes at every gift shop along the way. The Mississippi could be followed from Minnesota’s Lake Itaska all the way to the Gulf of Mexico for crying out loud—it was all there if you wanted it: America, the land of opportunity. It was an amazing country, really. Think of all the salad dressings that a person could buy in this country alone, Walt said. Lucy thought that was a scream. Salad dressings! They made batches of stingers in the office kitchen and climbed up the fire escape to the roof, watching the drag races on Delaware Avenue through blurred binoculars, Philly kids drunk and high, car engines roaring and tires squealing alongside the Delaware River. In winter they walked to Frank Clements’s, where bartenders thought they were a couple. They drank and joked about having an affair but didn’t. They were family. At night’s end they sobered up, insisted they were sensible friends, and any trouble in their marriages, therefore, could not be blamed on them.

Sensible? Now, Walt wondered where the hell his head had been. He closed his office door. He had to admit, Lucy was a problem.

The door groaned on its hinges and opened. There she stood, wearing a red sweater that gave her pale skin color.

“Don’t call my mother,” Walt said, sifting through the piles on his credenza. He just needed one binder of Mendon research to take with him.

“Your mother, Diane—what’s the difference?” Lucy sat in Walt’s chair. “How is Diane anyway?”

He needed to get out of here.

“Things are fine.” He’d just give her a minute, get his work and go. “Diane and I went to a play last night. It was her birthday.”

“No kidding.”

He told Lucy how they had fourth row seats, center, while he gathered the budget files for the Mendon presentation and stacked them in his briefcase. Outside, the muddy water of the Delaware churned under the gray sky.

“You treat her well,” Lucy said. She swiveled back in the chair and smiled.

The air in the room changed. Walt wished things could be the way they used to. Walt once told Lucy that his mother would slice store-bought pound cake and layer in strawberry ice cream for his birthday when he was a boy. The next week, Lucy brought the ice cream cake in for Walt, just to cheer him up. They’d been friends, hadn’t they?

Walt continued talking. He told Lucy how, in one scene of the play, a man ran naked back and forth across the stage, spinning in circles. “The only thing you couldn’t see,” he said, “was the deepest part of his belly button.”

Lucy’s eyebrows rose. “What did she do?”

He knew Lucy would love the next part. “She looked like a goddamn goldfish,” he said, “her mouth opening and closing.” Diane had elbowed Walt in the ribs, as if he couldn’t see the naked man twirling across the stage.

Lucy’s hands slapped the desktop.

“That’s not all,” Walt continued. “During the curtain calls, when all 12 actors came out on stage, Diane asked me to point out ‘the one’.”

“You know why she couldn’t tell?” Lucy said. “She wasn’t looking at his face.” Lucy laughed. Walt watched her: bony jawline, dark nostrils, veined neck. She looked monstrous. He remembered the sting of scotch in her kiss. He wondered why he’d told her that story. You can’t be her friend, he suddenly realized.

Walt rose. “I have to go.”

Lucy quieted and looked closely at Walt. “We have to finish things here,” she said.

Walt packed the last file into his briefcase. He was missing one black binder. “I don’t have time to talk.” He looked at his watch. Diane and Mack. “Where’s the research binder?”

“What’s going on here?” Lucy was stonewalling. “What’s going on with us?”

“We work together,” he said, spinning to face her. “I am your employer.” It was a ridiculous thing to say. “Where the hell is the binder for Monday’s presentation?”

“Don’t do this,” Lucy said.

He stood still, staring down at his closed briefcase. “There’s no time for this. Diane asked me to come home.”

“You’re kidding,” Lucy spat.

For the day. He didn’t say that.

He turned and scanned the shelves for the binder. He wanted to be with Diane when they talked to Mack. He needed the binder. It held the final drafts of statistics and research, though Walt almost knew them by heart. Annual mortality for males due to cardiovascular related problems, 439,000.

“Where is the binder?”

“Which one?”

Walt shoved the chair out of his way. “You know goddamned well which one.” It had him now, gripped his insides.

“Christ, Walt, it’s in my car.”

“What the hell are you doing taking that home?” She had taken presentations home before, lost files and spilled things. He stepped away from her, tried to stop what was happening. He grabbed his briefcase and moved towards the door.

“Fuck you, Walt. Don’t treat me like a child.”

Leave, he told himself. Just get out of here. He left the office lights on and took the emergency stairs two at a time. Outside, he felt her watching him from the office window. It was as if she brought the sky down, and the clouds were closing in on him. He couldn’t breathe; he felt as though he’d sprinted a long distance. He reached his car and threw the briefcase inside, then slammed the door and walked over to Lucy’s car, tripping over loose cobblestones. Walt saw the binder on the front seat alongside books and stained Styrofoam coffee cups. He wasn’t going to make it home in time, he thought. This was the last time Diane would ask for help. Walt pulled at Lucy’s door handle. The car was locked.

Walt looked up. Lucy, smiling, gave him the finger.

The cold air stung his eyes and burned in his chest; the wind whipped off the gray water. Walt thought, fuck her, bent to pick up a thick gray cobblestone from the ground, and threw it at the car window. Then the world began to explode and shatter—the cold and the sky and the glass. The first thrust of the stone splintered the window; his fist did the rest. He’d hear that sound later, hand pumping, the dull thud of impact, the glass caving and splitting, the feel of his whole arm swallowed by fire. He reached through and unlocked the door, took the black binder with his good hand, and walked with the wind back to his car.

Walt had trouble putting the key into the ignition with his left hand. His right hand wouldn’t stop shaking, and he buried it deep in the front of his shirt. He was bleeding from the knuckles; his shirt cuff was damp with it. His body shuddered and the car rocked in the wind. He’d lost it. He sat inside the car and rested his head against the steering wheel. I tried, Walt thought. Did everything by the book. Drying out was hard enough—all the other things should have been so easy to handle: his mother’s overflowing dishwasher, his father’s snipped strings of sensibility, or his own flawed mockups of a sturdy teak deck and gleaming brass railings. His hand was bleeding badly but his fist in his chest was the only part of him that was warm. He had to get home. He drove with his left hand, his eyes set on the road. The hand throbbed, his heart trapped in his fist. Remind them of death, Lucy said. Everyone dies. Walt wondered about his own heart.

One late afternoon after he and Diane separated, Walt found Pop at the top of the stairs, Walt’s mother just behind him. No one else would believe or understand, but Walt saw clearly that she was about to push Pop down the stairs. Walt took his father out. They drove along West River Drive and parked across the river from the line of boathouses. There, with the roar of afternoon traffic behind them, they sat. Pop held his cardigan in his lap, his hands trembling like leaves in the breeze. The setting sun lit a warm orange halo around Pop’s head, and their shadows stole away quietly behind them. They didn’t speak. The sun dropped and the river’s surface flickered with the last daylight. One by one, the boathouse lights came on in a slow, steady procession. Across the river, two rowers dragged their boat into the warm, dry garage. The wind off the Schuylkill River suddenly snapped. It was time to take Pop home.

Pop pulled on his cardigan and cleared his throat. “When I die,” he said, “you come here.” His fingers stumbled on the buttons of his sweater; his eyes were red and milky in the day’s failing light. “This is where I’ll meet you.”

Walt reached over and buttoned his father’s sweater. “Okay,” he said. “I’ll do that.”

 

Now the road before him seemed a vast sea, endless and dark. Walt parked across the street, watching them. Diane stood on the front lawn, dragging a heavy bag of leaves toward the curb. Mack stood with one hand on his hip, leaning against his rake and swinging a foot through a leaf pile he’d collected, saying something to his mother that made her pause and laugh.

Walt sat in the car. What would they think? They would never let him come home. He could never be the man they wanted him to be.

At the curb, Diane looked across the street at Walt’s car. There was no more hiding. Walt stepped out of the car, holding his fist to his stomach. The rake fell from Mack’s hands, toppling into the leaves, then suddenly they were at his side, touching him—his arms, his face, Diane, Mack, overwhelming him. The wind lifted and scattered Mack’s pile of yellow and orange leaves; Diane kept saying, What happened?

What world was this? What place more fragile and merciful? I’m fine, Walt said, scattered from their touch, on his back, his shoulders, their hands leading him across the yard and into the house, Mack’s soft cry, Christ, dad, holding Walt in his coarse young hands. I’m fine, Walt told them, barely audible, I’m just hurt. Christine Flanagan teaches writing and literature at University of the Sciences in Philadelphia.

Mushrooms

There’s graffiti on the mushroom shed
painted large, defiant,
in nothing like earth tones.
No brown, no beige, no muted gray,
(colors more appropriate
for the growing fungus within)
but loud raucous
vermillion, saffron, blood orange,
outlined in bold black letters
giant toadstools, undecipherable.
Hispanic men in hairnets
mill around with Management
perplexed by what has sprouted overnight,
vandalism in this place of processed food.
They gesture, waving arms
at the scope of the work,
the need for nerve and ladders
in the production of such a thing.
Who would bother to tag a mushroom shed?
This is not a city canvas,
not subway, rail car, overpass.
Why adorn gray cinderblock walls,
defying the assaulting smell,
the stench of sludge and excrement
fertilizing spores for mass consumption
of shitake, porcini, portabella,
bound for kitchens bright with copper
in desirable gated sub-divisions?
The men in hairnets
mill and tsk and shake their heads,
mouths forming who shapes.
But when Management looks away
they smile and whisper, admiring
the need for nerve and ladders,
and the splashes of color inappropriate
for the growing fungus within. W. Kay Washko is a freelance writer living in Pottstown, PA. She traces her family roots in Philadelphia back to early Swedish settlers and English Quakers, and has an avid interest in the history and culture of this area. Her poetry has appeared in the Awakenings Review (University of Chicago), and was selected by the Summit Arts Fellowship for an award in Poetry. Her short play, The Copy Machine, was produced by the Kennett Amateur Theatrical Society for their annual fundraiser, Plays in Plain Clothes.

The Air Child, II

Into the second season
of not eating

there was still Time in me, enough
stored hours to keep trekking
to school,

always taking
the path through the forest,
through frost

and white air which held
the woods and me captive….

You could see it in the way
we began suffering alike, wearing
the same look

of bare sorrow –
you could tell by the way
my legs were

thin as winter grasses,
steps so light that they left no tracks

and even in the way
the outer colors of earth drew inward
and down, the same as I

was withdrawing myself
from the world, as I was

removing myself
from my father.

This was nothing that clothes could hide –
this is what Death wanted

this leafless body, this girl
alone
and failing

against the cold trunks of trees,
the bones of them.

Therese Halscheid’s most recent poetry collection is Uncommon Geography (Carpenter Gothic, Spring 2006). She is a house-sitter to write and many poems come from unusual house-sitting environments. She won a 2003 Fellowship for Poetry from NJ State Council on the Arts. Her poetry has appeared in numerous magazines.

Everyone Knows Kurt Vonnegut but Me

[img_assist|nid=652|title=Bunny Envy, Marlise M. Tkaczuk © 2007|desc=|link=node|align=right|width=192|height=200]1. When I insisted that fixing my glasses with a welding torch was a bad idea, my grandfather asked if I’d ever read Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut. The book, he said, was about an optometrist who’d made a fortune selling frames.

Deployed to Europe in the waning days of World War II, my grandfather spent his days in the service pushing a broom through Germany. I didn’t read Slaughterhouse-Five when he told me to, so I never thought to ask if my grandfather had passed through Dresden. If he had, he might have run into Kurt Vonnegut—or scouted out the slaughterhouse where the author and the first stirrings of his unstuck-in-time protagonist Billy Pilgrim weathered Germany’s worst bombing while the city burned.
More than likely, my grandfather never actually met Kurt Vonnegut.
But then again, maybe he did and never knew it.

If I’d read the book like he told me to, I would have at least known to ask.

2. It wasn’t until four years later that I finally got around to reading Slaughterhouse-Five, and even then it was only because a girl told me I might like it. Her name was Theresa Jones, and she got most of her books from a dumpster behind a bookstore. Except for their missing covers, the books were all in great condition, but poor sales had condemned them to an early death. The least Theresa could do was rescue the cult favorites and share them with the as-yet uninitiated.

Hence my first reading of Slaughterhouse-Five.

Hence my falling in love with language.

Hence my decision to major in English.

Hence eight years of graduate school.

Theresa’s coverless copy of Welcome to the Monkey House still bears a warning that reads: “If you purchased this book without a cover you should be aware that it is stolen property. Neither the author nor the publisher has received any payment for this stripped book.” So as she was welcoming me to the monkey house, Theresa was also robbing Kurt Vonnegut of his pocket change. If you doubt the gravity of this crime, consider this: had Theresa not gotten me hooked on Vonnegut, I never would have gone to graduate school, and the world would have one less over-educated yet largely unemployable doctor of the English language to worry about.

Maybe this is the real reason behind the prohibition against “stripped books.”

Maybe “stripped books” lead to harder drugs like “curiosity” and “critical thinking.”

And we all know where “curiosity” and “critical thinking” lead:
Straight to “higher education.”

Theresa might just as well have invited me into an abandoned house to shoot heroin with her—reading Vonnegut was that good. And in addition to mugging him, Theresa had also seen Vonnegut give a reading, after which someone asked for an autograph.

“No thanks!” Vonnegut said before quietly slipping away.

3. Since my fascination with Vonnegut had led me to major in English, I had no choice but to move in with my parents after graduation. By chance, a local writer named Jim Wronoski lived in their neighborhood. What impressed me most about Jim was that he’d met Kurt Vonnegut’s wife, the photographer Jill Krementz, and had given her a copy of his book, Knaves in Boyland. Not long after that, Jim received an email stating that Vonnegut had read the book and found it “very funny.”

At about the same time, I did the only thing I really could do with my English degree and enrolled in graduate school where I met two more people who had come within spitting distance of Vonnegut. The first was my officemate, Jeff Hibbert, who, like Theresa Jones, once saw Vonnegut evade an autograph hound with a simple “No thanks!” before quietly slipping away. The second was a former babysitter for Vonnegut’s youngest child. To earn money many years earlier, she’d gone to work for a service that provided babysitters for Manhattan’s elite, among whom was a woman named Jill who lived in a brownstone near Gramercy Park. When my friend arrived at the brownstone, Jill handed over her daughter and said that she and Kurt didn’t expect to be gone for too long. Then Kurt came down from his bedroom dressed for a night on the town, and the couple left my friend alone with their child.

4. So one of my friends had made Vonnegut laugh, and another had been entrusted with the well-being of Vonnegut’s youngest child. In addition to this, Theresa Jones had mugged Vonnegut for his pocket change, and my grandfather had (arguably) served with Vonnegut during World War II. And, of course, Jeff Hibbert had, like Theresa before him, witnessed a near-miss between Vonnegut and an autograph hound.

Clearly a pattern was emerging.

Clearly everyone in the world had met Kurt Vonnegut.

Everyone, that is, except for me—an impression that was reinforced one day while I was subbing at the school where my wife, Kerri, teaches. Since it was common knowledge that I was a graduate student and therefore a) had plenty of time on my hands and b) would do anything for a buck, I became the go-to guy for any of Kerri’s coworkers who happened to either fall ill or go on vacation. This was how I met a young high school student who happened to run into Vonnegut on not one but two separate occasions.

The student was visiting Smith College when her tour guide asked if she wanted to meet my favorite author. Upon accepting the invitation, the student was led to Vonnegut’s office where she shook hands with the man and said that she was a big fan of his work. Apparently this impressed the author, because when they met at a train station late the next day, he said hello to her.

“Wow,” I said when she told me the story. “What was he like?”

“Oh, you know,” the girl said. “About what you’d expect.”

I nodded my head and said I knew exactly what she meant.

But it was a lie. I had no idea what she meant. At the same time, though, I knew I couldn’t let on. Otherwise the girl would know my secret—that I was the only person in the world who’d never met Kurt Vonnegut.

5. The last straw came when I filled in for a science teacher named Priscilla Ryan. When she asked me to fill in for her, Priscilla mentioned that she was taking the day off to help her daughter shop for a wedding dress. What she failed to mention, however, was that her daughter was marrying Kurt Vonnegut’s favorite nephew. In fact, I had to learn this information second-hand when Kerri came home from work months later and informed me that while I was out walking my dog, Vonnegut was sitting in a chapel just blocks from my house watching his nephew tie the knot. Which meant that Priscilla Ryan didn’t simply meet the man or care for his child or make him laugh, but that she and Kurt Vonnegut were family.

6. So I’ve stopped telling people that Vonnegut is my favorite author—mainly because I’m tired of everyone telling me about how they’ve seen him or met him or made him laugh, or how they’ve given their daughters away to his nephews in marriage.

Okay! I want to scream. I get the point!

Everyone knows Kurt Vonnegut but me!

But I’m okay with that. Because not too long ago, Kerri and I took a train out to New York to see a production of King Lear. And during the intermission, I spotted a tall, thin man with wiry hair and a mustache standing alone in the lobby.

It couldn’t be, I thought, but every glance I stole in his direction confirmed my suspicions. This had to be the man who turned me on to reading, the author responsible for my love of language, the very reason I ended up in graduate school. So I made my way across the floor and tried to sound casual as I asked the tall, skinny man if I might be so bold as to say he looked exactly like Kurt Vonnegut.

“No thanks!” the man said—and quietly lost himself in the crowd. Marc Schuster has two works of nonfiction coming out in 2007. His monograph on Don DeLillo will be published by Cambria Press, and his study of the long-running sci-fi series Doctor Who (co-authored with Tom Powers) will be available from McFarland & Company. “Everyone Knows Kurt Vonnegut but Me” was first heard on WXPN’s “Live at the Writers House” in November of 2006.

Snow on Annie’s Painting

for Annie A.

Two pairs of shoes on a bare closet floor: an interior view.
I am carrying Annie’s painting along a snowy trail.

High-heeled shoes, one pair a silk chartreuse—
I carry Annie’s painting along the whitened path.

The other pair is red. Red slingbacks! Do you wear these?
I asked, before offering to carry Annie’s painting through the snow.

She’d put on her boots. There are no boots in the painting—
Annie’s—I carried through the snow.

There is an implied door, a geometry of light
(I might glimpse a bit of Annie while carrying her painting through snow;

for I’ve turned the picture toward me to protect its painted surface
from thick, wet flakes that settle on the canvas and the path).

I’m inside her closet with her shadowy, bright shoes,
carrying Annie’s painting through the snow. Ann E. Michael (www.annemichael.com) writes poems and essays from her home in Pennsylvania’s Lehigh Valley, where she lives with her husband and two children. Her work has been published in many journals, including Poem, 9th Letter, Natural Bridge, Runes, and others. She is a past recipient of a PCA Fellowship in Poetry. Her first chapbook was published by Spire Press in 2004; her 2006 collections are The Minor Fauna and Small Things Rise & Go.

Local Author Profile: Camille Paglia

[img_assist|nid=633|title=Camille Paglia|desc=|link=node|align=center|width=200|height=130][img_assist|nid=634|title=Break, Blow, Burn: Camille Paglia Reads Forty-Three of the World’s Best Poems|desc=|link=url|url=http://www.amazon.com/Break-Blow-Burn-Camille-Forty-three/dp/0375420843/sr|align=right|width=150|height=231]

Camille Paglia has never lacked courage. Her breakout work, Sexual Personae (1991) established her reputation as an American intellectual about whom no one is neutral. Her latest book, Break, Blow, Burn: Camille Paglia Reads Forty-Three of the World’s Best Poems, is also an act of courage. It is her selection of 43 poems with literate commentary on each for a general readership, blending literature, psychology, and culture. Her literary roots rest in the soil of the late ‘50s and early ‘60s, the eras of Ginsberg, Corso, Kerouac, and Ferlinghetti. Poetry was big and the poets were “street smart” American royalty. That prestige no longer exists today, but Paglia can serve as a guide to a return to the power of language and the magic of words.

Philadelphia Stories talks with Paglia, a professor of humanities and media studies at the University of the Arts since 1984, about today’s changing literary world.

What changes have you seen in literature (poetry, fiction, and non-fiction) over the past generation or two?

When I was in college in the 1960s, poetry was booming. Thanks to the Beat movement of the prior decade, poetry was directly engaged with contemporary experience, including political issues. The little black-and-white City Lights Bookstore paperback of Allen Ginsberg’s Howl was everywhere. Sylvia Plath’s Ariel made a sensation—partly because of her suicide.

At Harpur College (the State University of New York at Binghamton), I saw a huge number of major poets read. They were like rock stars. The rooms were packed, and there was electricity in the air. I thought at the time that a renaissance of poetry was dawning, but it turned out not to be true. Pop music supplanted poetry in young people’s attention. By the 1970s, American poets were receding in importance.

Fiction is certainly still thriving. It remains a prestigious form in its many mainstream and niche genres—some of which (like romances, mysteries, and political thrillers) can be enormously lucrative and others not at all. But novelists in the U.S. (as opposed to the U.K. ) no longer enjoy the high cultural status they once did in the prime of Norman Mailer, who emerged at the tail end of the Hemingway era.

In the last 30 years, postgraduate campus writing programs have spread like wildfire. I’m of mixed mind about them. On the one hand, it’s wonderful for aspiring writers to meet and work with fellow devotees of the written word at a time of media infotainment and buzz. On the other hand, an MFA may not be worth the investment of tens of thousands of dollars, unless the applicant intends a teaching career. Writers need more life experience, not more school. I think the money might be better spent on world travel.

Non-fiction has evolved tremendously since the 1960s. It’s really where the cultural spotlight is in the U.S. , mainly because politics are such a national obsession, refracted through every medium from talk radio to cable TV. Cultural criticism has also supplanted literary criticism per se in literature departments. I’m a culture critic in that sense—my M.Phil. and Ph.D. from Yale were in English, but my writing and teaching are interdisciplinary.

Can you tell us about your writing career?

I wrote poetry in high school and early college, but always knew I wanted to be a scholar. Archaeology was my first passion, then literature, but I was also fascinated by popular culture and advertising, which I saw as visual mediums. My interest in pop was a negative in grad school, where professors considered it frivolous.

My harrowing publishing history should be an inspiration to any aspiring writer struggling along amidst a blizzard of rejection slips. The manuscript of Sexual Personae (an expansion of my 1974 dissertation) was completed in 1981 and then made the rounds: it was rejected by seven publishers and five agents. As the years passed, I gave up hope of seeing it in print in my lifetime.

When Sexual Personae was finally released by Yale University Press in 1990, I was 43—pretty late for a first book. I think everyone was surprised, including me, by the impact of that 700-page tome. It kept steadily selling, despite a total absence of publicity. The following year, when the publicity about my dissident ideas exploded, it became a national bestseller in Vintage paperback and was afterward translated around the world, from China and Japan to Croatia . I’ve had three other Vintage bestsellers since then and have also written extensively for newspapers, magazines, and the Web.

In Break, Blow, Burn, you ground yourself in New Criticism and encourage exploration of poetry by “close reading.” Why should people use that technique?

As I say in the introduction, when I was in college, I detested the New Criticism, which was then in its declining phase. I found it boring, rote, and sanitized. The professors who practiced it, like Cleanth Brooks (whom I avoided at Yale), seemed so moralistic and officiously humanitarian. I thought of them as dried-up, repressed WASPs—I was quite unfair, I must say!

However, over my 35 years as a classroom teacher, I found that close reading was in fact the best way by far to introduce poetry to students. What I’ve added to it, significantly, is history and psychology—those elements of social context and biography that the New Critics considered extraneous to understanding a text. The trick is learning how to integrate all these things seamlessly. That’s why it took me five years to write Break, Blow, Burn—all that effort went into smoothing transitions and fine-tuning tone.

Is this a rejection of postmodernism and deconstructionism?

Yes, I despise European post-structuralism and all its progeny, including postmodernism, which is simply a watered-down 1980s version of the revolutionary high modernism of the early- to mid-twentieth century. Post-structuralism destroyed the American humanities departments—it will take a generation to undo the damage. Among other things, it’s the main reason poetry has been pitifully marginalized on campus—demoted from the central status it had in the 1960s. Post-structuralist analysis focuses on narrative, as in the novel and short story. It’s helpless with poetry, which is animated by metaphor and myth and which requires hypersensitivity to etymology and diction. Beyond that, post-structuralism is a French style. Its Anglo-American disciples write bad English—pretentious, clunky, and jargon-choked. My major attack on post-structuralism is my 70-page critique, “Junk Bonds and Corporate Raiders,” which was published in Arion in 1991 and reprinted in Sex, Art, and American Culture.

Selecting 43 of “the world’s best poems” was an act of bravery. What criteria did you use?

For this book, I was looking for poems that would be accessible to and rewarding for a general audience. The first half consists of poems by canonical writers that have worked best for me in the classroom—from Shakespeare and John Donne through Emily Dickinson and William Butler Yeats. It’s the last group of contemporary poems that is controversial. Except for Gary Snyder and Joni Mitchell (whose lyric for “ Woodstock” I treat as a poem), there are few recognizable names. I made judgments based solely on the quality of the poem, not the reputation of the author.

In ransacking libraries and bookstores looking for poems for this book, I was appalled at how weak and shoddy so much poetry has become—including the work of tediously over-praised figures like John Ashbery and Jorie Graham, those pets of the academic elite. No wonder the general public has lost interest in reading poetry when these are the figures touted by critics, reviewers, and prize committees.

I value poetry that has sensory and emotional immediacy, and I dislike poetry that pretends to be philosophy. All that phony, conceited word fog! If you want philosophy, go read real philosophers. That’s not what good poetry has ever been. This stuff is a development of late Wallace Stevens, whose language got more and more self-conscious and rarified. I’m an admirer of the early Stevens, who was an aesthete with the vivid sensibility of Matisse.

How do you define “poetry?”

Poetry began in ancient ritual as rhythmic chanting, and its early history was intertwined with music and dance. It belonged to the oral tradition for millennia until the invention of writing. After that, the visual format of the poem on the page became intrinsic to its identity. For the past century, there have been radical experiments in redefining what a poem is and can be—some successful, some not. For the poems in Break, Blow, Burn, I chose a variety of types and physical “looks.” But ultimately a poem lives or dies by how deeply it engages the reader. Too many famous poets today are speaking to each other rather than to humanity at large—which is exactly why their work won’t last.